After locating the general area of a leak, ______ ______ are used to pinpoint it.

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Soap bubbles are used because applying a soap solution to suspected joints makes bubbles form right at the point where gas is escaping. The escaping gas pushes through the smallest cracks or fittings, and the soap film seals around the leak, creating visible bubbles that pinpoint the exact location. This method is fast, inexpensive, and effective for many leak types, giving a clear, visual cue of the leak site even in less obvious spots. Other methods either indicate that a leak exists without showing the precise spot or require different conditions or tracers, so they don’t provide the same direct pinpointing capability.